Khansa ya Prostate
Kufotokozera Kwachidule:
Khansa ya prostate ndi chotupa chofala kwambiri chomwe chimapezeka maselo a khansa ya prostate akamakula ndikufalikira m'thupi la mwamuna, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumawonjezeka ndi ukalamba. Ngakhale kuti kuzindikira msanga ndi chithandizo ndikofunikira kwambiri, njira zina zothandizira zingathandize kuchepetsa kupitirira kwa matendawa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa. Khansa ya prostate imatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yofala kwambiri mwa amuna opitirira zaka 60. Odwala ambiri a khansa ya prostate ndi amuna, koma pakhoza kukhalanso akazi ndi amuna ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Chithandizo cha khansa ya prostate chimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kukula, malo ndi kuchuluka kwa zotupa, thanzi la wodwalayo komanso zolinga za dongosolo la chithandizo.
Chithandizo cha radiation ndi chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti chiphe kapena kuchepetsa chotupa. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khansa ya prostate yoyambirira komanso khansa yomwe imafalikira ku ziwalo zina za prostate. Chithandizo cha radiation chingachitike kunja kapena mkati. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kwakunja kumachiritsa chotupacho mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a radiopharmaceuticals pa chotupacho kenako n’kuyamwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kudzera pakhungu. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kwamkati kumachiritsidwa mwa kuika tinthu ta radioactive m’thupi la wodwalayo kenako n’kudutsa m’magazi kupita ku chotupacho.
Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera kapena kuchepetsa zotupa. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya prostate yoyambirira ndi khansa yomwe imafalikira ku ziwalo zina za prostate. Chemotherapy imatha kuchitidwa pakamwa kapena kudzera m'mitsempha.
Opaleshoni ndi njira yodziwira ndi kuchiza khansa ya prostate pogwiritsa ntchito njira yochotsera kapena biopsy. Opaleshoniyi, ikachitika kunja kapena mkati, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa yoyambirira ya prostate ndi khansa yomwe imafalikira ku ziwalo zina za prostate. Opaleshoni ya khansa ya prostate imaphatikizapo kuchotsa prostate gland (radical prostatectomy), minofu yozungulira ndi ma lymph nodes angapo. Opaleshoni ndi njira yochiritsira khansa yomwe ili pa prostate yokha. Nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya prostate yopita patsogolo pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena.
Timaperekanso chithandizo cha Ablative kwa odwala, chomwe chingawononge minofu ya prostate ndi kuzizira kapena kutentha. Zosankha zingaphatikizepo:
●Minofu ya prostate yozizira.Kuchiritsa khansa ya prostate pogwiritsa ntchito cryoablation kapena cryotherapy kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wozizira kwambiri kuti uzizire minofu ya prostate. Minofuyo imaloledwa kusungunuka ndipo njirayi imabwerezabwereza. Kuzizira ndi kusungunuka kwa maselo a khansa ndi minofu ina yozungulira yathanzi.
●Kutentha minofu ya prostate.Chithandizo cha ultrasound yokhazikika kwambiri (HIFU) chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya ultrasound yokhazikika kuti itenthe minofu ya prostate ndikuipangitsa kufa.
Mankhwalawa angaganizidwe pochiza khansa ya prostate yaying'ono kwambiri pamene opaleshoni sizingatheke. Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza khansa ya prostate yapamwamba ngati njira zina, monga chithandizo cha radiation, sizinathandize.
Ofufuza akufufuza ngati cryotherapy kapena HIFU yochizira gawo limodzi la prostate ingakhale njira yochizira khansa yomwe imapezeka ku prostate yokha. Njira imeneyi, yomwe imatchedwa "focal therapy," imasonyeza dera la prostate lomwe lili ndi maselo a khansa amphamvu kwambiri ndipo imachiza dera limenelo lokha. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti focal therapy imachepetsa chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa.
Chithandizo cha matenda a m'thupi chimagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chanu chamthupi polimbana ndi khansa. Chitetezo chamthupi chanu cholimbana ndi matenda sichingagonjetse khansa yanu chifukwa maselo a khansa amapanga mapuloteni omwe amawathandiza kubisala ku maselo a chitetezo chamthupi. Chithandizo cha matenda a m'thupi chimagwira ntchito posokoneza njira imeneyi.
●Kupanga maselo anu kuti alimbane ndi khansa.Chithandizo cha Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) chimatenga maselo ena a chitetezo chamthupi, kuwapanga majini mu labotale kuti amenyane ndi khansa ya prostate kenako n’kuwabwezera m’thupi lanu kudzera mu mtsempha. Ndi njira yochiritsira khansa ya prostate yomwe siingathenso kuchira ndi mankhwala a mahomoni.
●Kuthandiza maselo a chitetezo chamthupi kuzindikira maselo a khansa.Mankhwala othandizira chitetezo chamthupi omwe amathandiza maselo a chitetezo chamthupi kuzindikira ndi kuukira maselo a khansa ndi njira yochiritsira khansa yapamwamba ya prostate yomwe siingathenso kuyankha chithandizo cha mahomoni.
Mankhwala ochiritsira odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la khansa amayang'ana kwambiri matenda enaake omwe ali m'maselo a khansa. Poletsa matenda amenewa, mankhwala ochiritsira odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la khansa amatha kufa. Mankhwala ena ochiritsira odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la khansa amagwira ntchito mwa anthu omwe maselo awo a khansa ali ndi majini enaake. Maselo anu a khansa angayesedwe mu labotale kuti awone ngati mankhwalawa angakuthandizeni.
Mwachidule, khansa ya prostate ndi matenda oopsa, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira zimafunika kuti matendawa achedwetse kupita patsogolo ndikuwonjezera kupulumuka kwa odwala. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti matenda azitha kudziwika msanga komanso kuchiritsidwa, chifukwa kuzindikira msanga komanso chithandizo sikungochepetsa kufa kwa khansa, komanso kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa khansa ndikukweza moyo.