Malinga ndi International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization, mu 2020, China inali ndi odwala khansa atsopano pafupifupi 4.57 miliyoni, ndipo khansa ya m'mapapo inali ndi odwala pafupifupi 820,000. Malinga ndi "Malangizo Othandizira Kuwunika Khansa Yam'mapapo ndi Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza Kumayambiriro ku China" a Chinese National Cancer Center, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amafa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ku China kuli ndi 37% ndi 39.8% ya ziwerengero zapadziko lonse lapansi, motsatana. Ziwerengerozi zimaposa kwambiri chiwerengero cha anthu aku China, omwe ndi pafupifupi 18% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi.
Tanthauzo ndiMitundu yaing'onokhansa ya m'mapapo
Tanthauzo:Khansa ya m'mapapo yodziwika bwino yotchedwa bronchogenic pulmonary cancer, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti khansa ya m'mapapo, ndi khansa yofala kwambiri yochokera ku trachea, bronchial mucosa, bronchi yaying'ono, kapena glands m'mapapo.
Kutengera ndi mawonekedwe a histopathologicalKhansa ya m'mapapo ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo ang'onoang'ono (80%-85%) ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya maselo ang'onoang'ono (15%-20%), yomwe ili ndi khansa yambiri. Khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo ang'onoang'ono imaphatikizapo adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, ndi large cell carcinoma.
Kutengera ndi malo omwe zinachitikaKhansa ya m'mapapo ikhoza kugawidwanso m'gulu la khansa ya m'mapapo yapakati ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya m'mphepete mwa m'mapapo.
Kuzindikira Khansa ya M'mapapo
Khansa ya m'mapapo yapakati:Amatanthauza khansa ya m'mapapo yochokera ku bronchi pamwamba pa gawo la magawo, makamaka yopangidwa ndikhansa ya m'mapapo ya squamous cell ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya maselo ang'onoang'ono. Kuzindikira matenda nthawi zambiri kumapezeka kudzera mu fiber bronchoscopy. Kuchotsa khansa ya m'mapapo yapakati pa opaleshoni n'kovuta, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kocheperako pochotsa mapapo onse omwe akhudzidwa. Odwala angakhale ndi vuto lolekerera opaleshoniyi, ndipo chifukwa cha gawo lapamwamba, kulowa m'malo, kufalikira kwa mitsempha ya m'magazi ya mediastinal, ndi zina, zotsatira za opaleshoni sizingakhale zabwino, zomwe zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kufalikira kwa mafupa.
Khansa ya M'mapapo ya M'mphepete mwa Mphepo:Amatanthauza khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe imapezeka pansi pa bronchi ya segmental,makamaka kuphatikizapo adenocarcinoma. Kuzindikira matenda nthawi zambiri kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya percutaneous transthoracic singano biopsy motsogozedwa ndi CT.Muzochitika zachipatala, khansa ya m'mapapo nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda zizindikiro kumayambiriro ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwangozi poyesedwa thupi. Ngati yapezeka msanga, opaleshoni ndiyo njira yoyamba yothandizira, kenako ndi chithandizo cha adjuvant chemotherapy kapena chithandizo cholunjika.
Kwa odwala khansa ya m'mapapo omwe sali oyenerera opaleshoni, omwe ali ndi matenda otsimikizika omwe amafunika chithandizo china, kapena omwe amafunika kutsatiridwa nthawi zonse kapena chithandizo pambuyo pa opaleshoni,chithandizo choyenera komanso choyenera n'chofunika kwambiriTikufuna kukudziwitsani zaDr. An Tongtong, katswiri wodziwika bwino wa khansa ya m'chifuwa wokhala ndi zaka zoposa 20 zaukadaulo wa khansa ya m'chifuwa ku Dipatimenti ya Khansa ya M'chifuwa, Chipatala cha Khansa cha Yunivesite ya Beijing.
Katswiri Wodziwika: Dr. An Tongtong
Dokotala Wamkulu, Dokotala wa Zamankhwala. Ali ndi chidziwitso chofufuza ku MD Anderson Cancer Center ku United States, komanso membala wa komiti ya achinyamata ya Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Lung Cancer Professional Committee.
Madera a Ukatswiri:Mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi mankhwala ochizira khansa ya m'mapapo, thymoma, mesothelioma, ndi njira zodziwira matenda ndi zochiritsira monga bronchoscopy ndi opaleshoni ya chifuwa yothandizidwa ndi kanema mu mankhwala amkati.
Dr. An wachita kafukufuku wozama pa kukhazikika kwa njira zochizira khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe ili m'magawo osiyanasiyana komanso njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira khansa ya m'mapapo,makamaka pankhani yopereka chithandizo chokwanira cha khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo ang'onoang'ono. Dr. An ndi waluso kwambiri pa malangizo aposachedwa apadziko lonse lapansi okhudza matenda ndi chithandizo cha khansa ya pachifuwa.Pa nthawi yokambirana, Dr. An amamvetsetsa bwino mbiri ya matenda a wodwalayo ndipo amayang'anira bwino kusintha kwa matendawa pakapita nthawi. Amafunsanso mosamala za mapulani am'mbuyomu odziwira matenda ndi chithandizo kuti atsimikizire kusintha kwa nthawi yake kwa dongosolo lochiritsira labwino kwambiri la wodwalayo. Kwa odwala omwe angopezeka ndi matendawa, malipoti ndi mayeso okhudzana nawo nthawi zambiri amakhala osakwanira. Atamvetsetsa bwino mbiri yachipatala, Dr. An adzafotokozera momveka bwino njira yothandizira wodwalayo ndi abale ake momwe alili panopa. Adzaperekanso malangizo okhudza mayeso ena ofunikira kuti atsimikizire matendawa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti abale akumvetsa bwino asanalole iwo ndi wodwalayo kutuluka mchipinda chofunsira chithandizo ali ndi mtendere wamumtima.
Milandu Yaposachedwa
Bambo Wang, wodwala wazaka 59 wa khansa ya m'mapapo yemwe ali ndi matenda ambiri a m'mapapo, anafuna chithandizo ku Beijing panthawi ya mliriwu kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2022. Chifukwa cha zoletsa zoyendera panthawiyo, anayenera kulandira chithandizo choyamba cha chemotherapy kuchipatala chapafupi atatsimikizira kuti matendawa adapezeka. Komabe, a Wang adakumana ndi poizoni wambiri wa chemotherapy komanso matenda osachiritsika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
Atayandikira gawo lake lachiwiri la mankhwala a chemotherapy, banja lake, lomwe linkada nkhawa ndi matenda ake, linafunsa za luso la Dr. An ndipo pamapeto pake linakwanitsa kupanga nthawi yokumana ndi VIP Outpatient service ku Chipatala chathu. Pambuyo powunikira mwatsatanetsatane mbiri yachipatala, Dr. An anapereka malangizo a chithandizo. Poganizira za kuchuluka kwa albumin komwe a Wang anali nako komanso momwe mankhwala a chemotherapy ankachitira, Dr. An anasintha njira ya chemotherapy posintha paclitaxel ndi pemetrexed pomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito bisphosphonates kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa mafupa.
Atalandira zotsatira za mayeso a majini, Dr. An adagwirizanitsanso a Wang ndi chithandizo choyenera, Osimertinib. Patatha miyezi iwiri, paulendo wotsatira, banja la a Wang linanena kuti vuto lawo layamba bwino, ndipo zizindikiro zake zachepa komanso kuthekera kochita zinthu monga kuyenda, kuthirira zomera, komanso kusesa pansi kunyumba. Kutengera zotsatira za kafukufuku wotsatira, Dr. An adalangiza a Wang kuti apitirize dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito pano ndikuyesedwa nthawi zonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-31-2023