Kupewa Khansa Yachiwindi

Zambiri Zokhudza Khansa ya Chiwindi

Khansa ya chiwindi ndi matenda omwe ma cell oyipa (khansa) amapanga mu minofu ya chiwindi.

Chiwindi ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zazikulu kwambiri m'thupi.Lili ndi mbali ziwiri ndipo limadzaza kumtunda kumanja kwa mimba mkati mwa nthiti.Zitatu mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri za chiwindi ndi:

• Kusefa zinthu zovulaza m'magazi kuti zitha kupatsirana kuchokera m'thupi mu chimbudzi ndi mkodzo.
• Kupanga bile kuti zithandizire kugaya mafuta kuchokera ku chakudya.
• Kusunga glycogen (shuga), yomwe thupi limagwiritsa ntchito ngati mphamvu.

Kupeza ndi kuchiza khansa ya chiwindi msanga kungalepheretse imfa kuchokera ku khansa ya chiwindi.

Kukhala ndi matenda amtundu wina wa hepatitis kungayambitse matenda a chiwindi ndipo kungayambitse khansa ya chiwindi.

Matenda a chiwindi nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka hepatitis.Chiwindi ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kutupa (kutupa) kwa chiwindi.Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kuchokera ku hepatitis komwe kumatenga nthawi yayitali kungapangitse chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi.

Hepatitis B (HBV) ndi hepatitis C (HCV) ndi mitundu iwiri ya kachilombo ka hepatitis.Matenda osatha a HBV kapena HCV amatha kukulitsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi.

1. Chiwindi B

HBV imayamba chifukwa chokhudza magazi, umuna, kapena madzi ena a m’thupi la munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HBV.Matendawa amatha kupatsirana kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana panthawi yobereka, mwa kugonana, kapena pogawana singano zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobaya mankhwala osokoneza bongo.Zingayambitse zipsera pachiwindi (cirrhosis) zomwe zingayambitse khansa ya chiwindi.

2. Chiwindi C

HCV imayamba chifukwa chokhudzana ndi magazi a munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HCV.Matendawa amatha kufalikira pogawana singano zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobaya mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena, nthawi zambiri, pogonana.Kale, inkafalikiranso poika magazi kapena kuika ziwalo.Masiku ano, nkhokwe zosungira mwazi zimayesa magazi onse operekedwa kwa HCV, zomwe zimachepetseratu chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka kuchokera ku kuthiridwa mwazi.Zingayambitse zipsera pachiwindi (cirrhosis) zomwe zingayambitse khansa ya chiwindi.

Kupewa Khansa Yachiwindi

Kupewa zinthu zoopsa komanso kuwonjezera zinthu zodzitetezera kungathandize kupewa khansa.

Kupewa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse khansa kungathandize kupewa khansa zina.Zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi ndi monga kusuta, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira.Kuonjezera zinthu zodzitetezera monga kusiya kusuta ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandizenso kupewa khansa zina.Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wina wa zaumoyo za momwe mungachepetsere chiopsezo cha khansa.

Matenda a Chiwindi B ndi C ndi zinthu zomwe zingayambitse khansa ya chiwindi.

Kukhala ndi matenda a hepatitis B (HBV) kapena matenda a hepatitis C (HCV) osatha kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya chiwindi.Kuopsa kwake kumakhala kokulirapo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi HBV ndi HCV, komanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ziwopsezo zina kuwonjezera pa kachilombo ka hepatitis.Amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a HBV kapena HCV amatha kukhala ndi khansa ya m'chiwindi kuposa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda omwewo.

Matenda a HBV osatha ndi omwe amayambitsa khansa ya chiwindi ku Asia ndi Africa.Matenda a HCV osatha ndiye omwe amayambitsa khansa ya chiwindi ku North America, Europe, ndi Japan.

Zotsatirazi ndi zina zomwe zingapangitse chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi:

1. Matenda a chiwindi

Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya chiwindi chimachulukitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la cirrhosis, matenda omwe minofu yachiwindi yathanzi imasinthidwa ndi zilonda zam'mimba.Chilondacho chimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa magazi m'chiwindi ndikupangitsa kuti zisagwire ntchito momwe ziyenera kukhalira.Chidakwa chosatha komanso matenda a chiwindi ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a cirrhosis.Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake okhudzana ndi HCV ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi khansa ya chiwindi kusiyana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake okhudzana ndi HBV kapena kumwa mowa.

2. Kumwa mowa kwambiri

Kumwa mowa kwambiri kungayambitse matenda a cirrhosis, omwe ndi chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi.Khansara ya chiwindi imathanso kupezeka mwa omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri omwe alibe cirrhosis.Omwe amamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso amene ali ndi cirrhosis ali ndi mwayi wochuluka kuŵirikiza kakhumi kudwala khansa ya m’chiŵindi, poyerekeza ndi omwa mowa mopitirira muyeso amene alibe cirrhosis.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti palinso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya chiwindi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a HBV kapena HCV omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri.

3. Aflatoxin B1

Kuopsa kwa khansa ya chiwindi kungawonjezeke mwa kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi aflatoxin B1 (poizoni yochokera ku bowa yomwe imatha kumera pazakudya, monga chimanga ndi mtedza, zomwe zasungidwa m'malo otentha, achinyezi).Imapezeka kwambiri ku sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, ndi China.

4. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) ndi matenda omwe angayambitse chiwindi (cirrhosis) chomwe chingayambitse khansa ya chiwindi.Ndilo mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa matenda a chiwindi chamafuta osakhala oledzeretsa (NAFLD), pomwe pali mafuta ochulukirapo m'chiwindi.Kwa anthu ena, izi zingayambitse kutupa (kutupa) ndi kuvulaza maselo a chiwindi.

Kukhala ndi cirrhosis yokhudzana ndi NASH kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya chiwindi.Khansara ya chiwindi yapezekanso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi NASH omwe alibe cirrhosis.

5. Kusuta fodya

Kusuta fodya kwagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya chiwindi.Ngoziyo imachuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa ndudu zomwe amasuta patsiku komanso zaka zomwe munthuyo wasuta.

6. Zinthu zina

Matenda ena osowa azachipatala komanso majini amatha kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi.Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Hemochromatosis (HH) yosachiritsika.
• Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) akusowa.
• Glycogen yosungirako matenda.
• Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT).
• Wilson matenda.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zoteteza zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi:

1. Katemera wa chiwindi B

Kupewa matenda a HBV (polandira katemera wa HBV ngati wakhanda) kwasonyezedwa kuti kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi mwa ana.Sizikudziwikabe ngati katemera amachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi mwa akuluakulu.

2. Chithandizo cha matenda aakulu a chiwindi cha mtundu wa B

Njira zothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a HBV ndi mankhwala a interferon ndi nucleos (t) ide analog (NA).Mankhwalawa amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya chiwindi.

3. Kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi aflatoxin B1

Kusintha zakudya zomwe zili ndi aflatoxin B1 wochuluka ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mlingo wochepa kwambiri wa poizoni kungachepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya chiwindi.

Gwero:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR433423&type=1