Zambiri Zokhudza Khansa ya M'mimba
Khansa ya m'mero ndi matenda omwe maselo oipa (khansa) amapangika m'minofu ya m'mero.
Mphuno ndi thireyi yokhala ndi dzenje, yolimba yomwe imasuntha chakudya ndi madzi kuchokera pakhosi kupita m'mimba. Khoma la mphuno limapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za minofu, kuphatikizapo mucous membrane (mkati), minofu, ndi minofu yolumikizana. Khansa ya m'mero imayamba mkati mwa mmero ndipo imafalikira kunja kudzera m'zigawo zina pamene ikukula.
Mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino ya khansa ya m'mero imatchulidwa mayina a mitundu ya maselo omwe amasanduka khansa (khansa):
- Khansa ya squamous cell:Khansa yomwe imapezeka m'maselo opyapyala, athyathyathya omwe ali mkati mwa mkodzo. Khansa iyi nthawi zambiri imapezeka pamwamba ndi pakati pa mkodzo koma imatha kuchitika kulikonse m'mkodzo. Izi zimatchedwanso epidermoid carcinoma.
- Adenocarcinoma:Khansa yomwe imayamba m'maselo a glandular. Maselo a glandular omwe ali mkati mwa mmero amatulutsa ndi kutulutsa madzi monga ntchofu. Adenocarcinoma nthawi zambiri imayamba pansi pa mmero, pafupi ndi mimba.
Khansa ya m'mero imapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna.
Amuna ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza khansa ya m'mero kuposa akazi. Mwayi wopeza khansa ya m'mero umawonjezeka ndi ukalamba. Khansa ya m'mero ya squamous cell imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu akuda kuposa azungu.
Kupewa Khansa ya M'mero
Kupewa zinthu zomwe zingakuike pachiwopsezo ndi kuwonjezera zinthu zodzitetezera kungathandize kupewa khansa.
Kupewa zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni khansa kungathandize kupewa khansa zina. Zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni khansa ndi monga kusuta fodya, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira. Zinthu zina zodzitetezera monga kusiya kusuta fodya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi zingathandizenso kupewa khansa zina. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wina wazaumoyo za momwe mungachepetsere chiopsezo chanu cha khansa.
Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo ndi zinthu zomwe zimateteza khansa ya squamous cell ya esophagus ndi adenocarcinoma ya esophagus sizofanana.
Zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha squamous cell carcinoma ya esophagus:
1. Kusuta fodya ndi kumwa mowa
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chiopsezo cha khansa ya squamous cell ya m'mero chimawonjezeka mwa anthu omwe amasuta kapena kumwa kwambiri.
Zinthu zotsatirazi zodzitetezera zingachepetse chiopsezo cha squamous cell carcinoma ya esophagus:
1. Kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito fodya ndi mowa
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chiopsezo cha khansa ya squamous cell ya m'mero ndi chochepa mwa anthu omwe sagwiritsa ntchito fodya ndi mowa.
2. Kuteteza khansa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe si a steroidal
Kupewa khansa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mavitamini, kapena zinthu zina pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa. Mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe si a steroidal (NSAIDs) akuphatikizapo aspirin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa kutupa ndi ululu.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito NSAIDs kungachepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya squamous cell ya m'mero. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito NSAIDs kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, sitiroko, kutuluka magazi m'mimba ndi m'matumbo, komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso.
Zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma ya esophagus:
1. Kubwerera m'mimba m'mimba
Adenocarcinoma ya m'mero imagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi matenda a gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), makamaka pamene GERD imatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo zizindikiro zoopsa zimachitika tsiku lililonse. GERD ndi vuto lomwe m'mimba, kuphatikizapo asidi m'mimba, zimatuluka m'munsi mwa mmero. Izi zimakwiyitsa mkati mwa mmero, ndipo pakapita nthawi, zimatha kukhudza maselo omwe ali pansi pa mmero. Vutoli limatchedwa Barrett esophagus. Pakapita nthawi, maselo okhudzidwawo amasinthidwa ndi maselo osazolowereka, omwe pambuyo pake amatha kukhala adenocarcinoma ya mmero. Kunenepa kwambiri pamodzi ndi GERD kungapangitse kuti chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma ya mmero chiwonjezeke.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumula minofu ya m'munsi mwa m'mero kungapangitse kuti pakhale matenda a GERD. Minofu ya m'munsi mwa m'mero ikamasuka, asidi m'mimba amatha kulowa m'munsi mwa m'mero.
Sizikudziwika ngati opaleshoni kapena chithandizo china chamankhwala choletsa kubwereranso m'mimba chimachepetsa chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma ya m'mero. Mayeso azachipatala akuchitidwa kuti awone ngati opaleshoni kapena chithandizo chamankhwala chingalepheretse Barrett esophagus.
Zinthu zotsatirazi zodzitetezera zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma ya esophagus:
1. Kuteteza khansa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe si a steroidal
Kupewa khansa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mavitamini, kapena zinthu zina pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa. Mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe si a steroidal (NSAIDs) akuphatikizapo aspirin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa kutupa ndi ululu.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito NSAIDs kungachepetse chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma ya m'mero. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito NSAIDs kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, sitiroko, kutuluka magazi m'mimba ndi m'matumbo, komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso.
2. Kuchotsa ma radiofrequency a m'mero
Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la Barrett esophagus omwe ali ndi maselo osazolowereka m'munsi mwa mmero angalandire chithandizo cha radiofrequency ablation. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a wailesi kutentha ndi kuwononga maselo osazolowereka, omwe angakhale khansa. Zoopsa zogwiritsa ntchito radiofrequency ablation ndi monga kuchepa kwa mmero ndi kutuluka magazi m'mero, m'mimba, kapena m'matumbo.
Kafukufuku wina wa odwala omwe ali ndi Barrett esophagus ndi maselo osazolowereka mummero anayerekeza odwala omwe adalandira radiofrequency ablation ndi odwala omwe sanalandire radiofrequency ablation. Odwala omwe adalandira radiofrequency ablation anali ndi mwayi wochepa wopezeka ndi khansa ya m'mero. Kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika kuti adziwe ngati radiofrequency ablation imachepetsa chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma ya m'mero mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-04-2023