Zambiri Zokhudza Khansa ya Esophageal
Khansara ya m'mikodzo ndi matenda omwe maselo owopsa (khansa) amapanga m'matumbo am'mero.
M'mero ndi kachubu kakang'ono kamene kamasuntha chakudya ndi madzi kuchokera pakhosi kupita kumimba.Khoma la mmero limapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za minofu, kuphatikiza mucous nembanemba (mkati mkati), minofu, ndi minofu yolumikizana.Khansara yam'mero imayambira mkati mwa mmero ndikufalikira kunja kupyola zigawo zina pamene ikukula.
Mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino ya khansa ya esophageal imatchedwa mtundu wa maselo omwe amakhala oopsa (khansa):
- Squamous cell carcinoma:Khansara yomwe imapanga m'maselo opyapyala, omwe amakhala mkati mwa mmero.Khansara imeneyi nthawi zambiri imapezeka kumtunda ndi pakati pa mmero koma imatha kuchitika paliponse pakhosi.Izi zimatchedwanso epidermoid carcinoma.
- Adenocarcinoma:Khansara yomwe imayambira m'maselo a glandular.Maselo a glandular mumzere wa mmero amatulutsa ndikutulutsa madzi monga mamina.Adenocarcinoma nthawi zambiri imayambira kumunsi kwa mmero, pafupi ndi m'mimba.
Khansara yam'mimba imapezeka kawirikawiri mwa amuna.
Amuna ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi khansa yakum'mero kuwirikiza katatu kuposa akazi.Mwayi wokhala ndi khansa ya esophageal ukuwonjezeka ndi zaka.Squamous cell carcinoma ya kummero imapezeka kwambiri mwa akuda kuposa azungu.
Kupewa Khansa ya Esophageal
Kupewa zinthu zoopsa komanso kuwonjezera zinthu zodzitetezera kungathandize kupewa khansa.
Kupewa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse khansa kungathandize kupewa khansa zina.Zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi ndi monga kusuta, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira.Kuonjezera zinthu zodzitetezera monga kusiya kusuta ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandizenso kupewa khansa zina.Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wina wa zaumoyo za momwe mungachepetsere chiopsezo cha khansa.
Zowopsa komanso zoteteza ku squamous cell carcinoma yam'mero ndi adenocarcinoma yam'mero sizili zofanana.
Ziwopsezo zotsatirazi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha squamous cell carcinoma yam'mero:
1. Kusuta ndi kumwa mowa
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chiopsezo cha squamous cell carcinoma chapakhosi chimawonjezeka mwa anthu omwe amasuta kapena kumwa kwambiri.
Zinthu zotsatirazi zoteteza zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha squamous cell carcinoma yam'mero:
1. Kupewa fodya ndi mowa
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chiopsezo cha squamous cell carcinoma chapakhosi ndi chochepa mwa anthu omwe sasuta fodya ndi mowa.
2. Chemoprevention ndi nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Chemoprevention ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mavitamini, kapena zinthu zina pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ndi aspirin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa kutupa ndi kupweteka.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito NSAIDs kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha squamous cell carcinoma ya m'mimba.Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito NSAID kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, sitiroko, kutuluka magazi m'mimba ndi m'matumbo, komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso.
Zotsatirazi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma yam'mero:
1. M'mimba reflux
Adenocarcinoma yam'mero imagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal (GERD), makamaka pamene GERD imatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo zizindikiro zazikulu zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku.GERD ndi mkhalidwe umene zili m’mimba, kuphatikizapo asidi wa m’mimba, zimatsikira m’munsi mwa kummero.Izi zimakwiyitsa mkati mwa mmero, ndipo pakapita nthawi, zimatha kukhudza maselo omwe ali kumunsi kwa mmero.Matendawa amatchedwa Barrett esophagus.Pakapita nthawi, maselo okhudzidwawo amasinthidwa ndi maselo achilendo, omwe pambuyo pake amatha kukhala adenocarcinoma ya kummero.Kunenepa kwambiri limodzi ndi GERD kungapangitsenso chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma yam'mero.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala omwe amatsitsimula minofu ya m'munsi ya sphincter kungapangitse mwayi wopeza GERD.Minofu ya m'munsi ya sphincter ikamasuka, asidi am'mimba amatha kupita kumunsi kwa mmero.
Sizikudziwika ngati opaleshoni kapena chithandizo china chamankhwala choletsa kutulutsa m'mimba kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma yam'mero.Mayesero azachipatala akuchitika kuti awone ngati opaleshoni kapena chithandizo chamankhwala chingalepheretse Barrett esophagus.
Zinthu zotsatirazi zoteteza zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma yam'mero:
1. Chemoprevention ndi nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Chemoprevention ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mavitamini, kapena zinthu zina pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ndi aspirin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa kutupa ndi kupweteka.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito NSAIDs kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma ya m'mimba.Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito NSAID kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, sitiroko, kutuluka magazi m'mimba ndi m'matumbo, komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso.
2. Kutulutsa ma radiofrequency am'mero
Odwala a Barrett esophagus omwe ali ndi maselo osadziwika bwino m'munsi mwa esophagus akhoza kuthandizidwa ndi radiofrequency ablation.Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a wailesi kutenthetsa ndi kuwononga maselo achilendo, omwe amatha kukhala khansa.Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito ma radiofrequency ablation kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kummero ndi kutuluka magazi mum'mero, m'mimba, kapena m'matumbo.
Kafukufuku wina wa odwala omwe ali ndi Barrett esophagus ndi maselo osadziwika bwino mum'mero anayerekezera odwala omwe analandira ma radiofrequency ablation ndi odwala omwe sanalandire.Odwala omwe adalandira ma radiofrequency ablation anali ochepa kuti apezeke ndi khansa yam'mero.Kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika kuti adziwe ngati radiofrequency ablation imachepetsa chiopsezo cha adenocarcinoma yam'mero mwa odwala omwe ali ndi izi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-04-2023