Kodi Pali Utali Wotani Pakati Pa Manodule A M'mawere ndi Khansa Yam'mawere?

Malinga ndi data ya 2020 Global Cancer Burden yotulutsidwa ndi International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),khansa ya m'mawereChiwerengero cha anthu okwana 2.26 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi chadwala khansa ya m'mapapo, ndipo khansa ya m'mapapo ndi 2.2 miliyoni.Ndi gawo la 11.7% la milandu yatsopano ya khansa, khansa ya m’mawere imakhala yoyamba, kupangitsa kukhala mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa.Ziwerengerozi zachititsa kuti amayi ambiri adziwe komanso kudera nkhawa za minyewa ya m'mawere ndi kuchuluka kwa mabere.

Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Mitsempha ya M'mawere
Mitsempha ya m'mawere nthawi zambiri imatanthawuza zotupa kapena unyinji wopezeka bere.Ambiri mwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti ndi abwino (osakhala ndi khansa).Zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi monga matenda a m'mawere, fibroadenomas, cysts yosavuta, mafuta necrosis, kusintha kwa fibrocystic, ndi intraductal papillomas.
Zizindikiro Zochenjeza:

    
Komabe, kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka tinthu tating'ono m'mawere kamakhala koopsa (khansa), ndipo tingasonyeze zotsatirazizizindikiro zochenjeza:

• Kukula:Manodule akuluakuluamakonda kudzutsa nkhawa mosavuta.
• Mawonekedwe:Manodule okhala ndi m'mphepete mosakhazikika kapena opindikaali ndi mwayi wochuluka wa matenda.
• Maonekedwe: Ngati noduleimamva molimba kapena imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osagwirizana ikakhudza, kufufuza kwina n’kofunika.Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa amayizaka zoposa 50, pamene chiopsezo cha zilonda chikuwonjezeka ndi zaka.

Kuyezetsa Mphuno Yam'mawere ndi Kufunika Kodziwira Moyambirira Khansa ya M'mawere
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti anthu odwala khansa ya m’mawere akuchulukirachulukira, chiwerengero cha anthu amene amafa ndi khansa ya m’mawere chatsika m’mayiko a azungu m’zaka khumi zapitazi.Chifukwa chachikulu cha kuchepa uku chikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kukhathamiritsa kwa njira zodziwira matenda msanga komanso njira zochizira, ndikuwunika khansa ya m'mawere kukhala gawo lofunikira.
1. Njira Zoyesera

• Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kusiyana kwa chidwi pakati pa njira zosiyanasiyana zamayeso amachokera kumayiko aku Western.Kuyezetsa mawere m'mawere kumakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa poyerekeza ndi njira zojambula.Pakati pa njira zojambulira, kujambula kwa maginito (MRI) kumakhala kovutirapo kwambiri, pomwe mammography ndi ma breast ultrasound ali ndi mphamvu zofanana.
• Mammography ili ndi mwayi wapadera wozindikira ma calcification okhudzana ndi khansa ya m'mawere.
• Kwa zilonda zam'mawere zowundana, ma ultrasound amamva kwambiri kuposa mammography.
• Kuonjezera kujambula kwa mawere athunthu ku mammography kumatha kukulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa khansa ya m'mawere.
• Khansara ya m'mawere ndi yofala kwambiri mwa amayi omwe ali ndi vuto lolemera kwambiri m'mawere.Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito mammogram ndi kujambula kwa ultrasound kwa bere lonse ndikoyenera.
• Pachizindikiro cha kutulutsa kwa nsonga zamabele, intraductal endoscopy imatha kuwunika mwachindunji njira ya mawere kuti azindikire zolakwika zilizonse mkati mwa ducts.
• Kujambula kwa maginito a m'mawere (MRI) kumalimbikitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere nthawi yonse ya moyo wawo, monga omwe amanyamula masinthidwe amtundu wa BRCA1/2.

2.Kudziyesa M'mawere Nthawi Zonse
Kudziyeza m’mawere kunalimbikitsidwa kale, koma kafukufuku waposachedwapa akusonyeza zimenezosizichepetsa imfa za khansa ya m'mawere.Malangizo a 2005 a American Cancer Society (ACS) sakulimbikitsanso kudziyeza mwezi ndi mwezi ngati njira yodziwira msanga khansa ya m'mawere.Komabe, kudzipenda nthawi zonse m'mawere kumakhalabe ndi phindu pozindikira khansa ya m'mawere pakapita nthawi ndikupeza khansa yomwe ingachitike pakati pa kuwunika kwanthawi zonse.

3.Kufunika kwa Kuzindikira Mwamsanga
Kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere mwamsanga kuli ndi ubwino wambiri.Mwachitsanzo, kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere yosasokoneza kungathe kupewa kufunikira kwa chemotherapy.Kuonjezera apo,kuzindikiridwa msanga kwa khansa ya m'mawere kumapereka mwayi wochuluka wa chithandizo chotetezera mabere, chomwe chimateteza minofu ya m'mawere.Zimawonjezeranso mwayi wopewa opaleshoni ya axillary lymph node dissection, yomwe ingayambitse kusokonezeka kwa ntchito m'miyendo yapamwamba.Choncho, matenda a panthawi yake amalola kuti pakhale njira zambiri zochiritsira komanso amachepetsa zomwe zingatheke pa umoyo wa moyo.

Njira ndi Zoyenera Kudziwira Koyambirira
1. Kuzindikira Kwambiri: Kutupa kwa Mabere Oyambirira ndi Chitsimikizo cha Pathological
Zotsatira za kafukufuku waposachedwa zikuwonetsa kuti kuyezetsa khansa ya m'mawere pogwiritsa ntchito mammography kumatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kufa kwa khansa ya m'mawere ndi 20% mpaka 40%.
2. Kufufuza kwa Pathological

• Kuzindikira kwa pathological kumatengedwa ngati muyezo wagolide.
• Njira iliyonse yojambulira imakhala ndi njira zofananira zamatenda.Popeza kuti zotupa zambiri zosaoneka bwino zomwe zapezeka ndizabwinobwino, njira yoyenera iyenera kukhala yolondola, yodalirika, komanso yosasokoneza pang'ono.
• Ultrasound-guided core biopsy ndiyo njira yomwe imakonda, yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa milandu yoposa 80%.

3. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za Kutulukira Mwamsanga kwa Khansa ya M'mawere

• Maganizo abwino: Ndikofunika kuti musanyalanyaze thanzi la bere komanso musachite mantha.Khansara ya m'mawere ndi matenda otupa omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chithandizo.Ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, nthawi zambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali.Mfungulo ndikutenga nawo mbali mwachangu pozindikira matenda a khansa ya m'mawere kuti achepetse kuwononga thanzi.
• Njira zoyezetsa zodalirika: M'mabungwe akatswiri, njira yophatikizira yophatikiza kujambula kwa ultrasound ndi mammography ndiyofunikira.
• Kuyezetsa pafupipafupi: Kuyambira zaka 35 mpaka 40, ndi bwino kuti ayezetse mawere pazaka 1 mpaka 2 zilizonse.